DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is a class of nucleic acid, containing elements for deoxyribose named.

Very large DNA molecules (molecular weight, at least in general over 1 million), the main component is deoxynucleotidyl adenine, guanine deoxynucleotidyl, cytosine and thymine deoxynucleotidyl deoxynucleotidyl. DNA exists in the nucleus, mitochondria and chloroplasts, can also exist in the free state of certain cell cytoplasm. Most of the known phage, some animal virus and a handful of plant viruses also contain DNA.

In addition to RNA (ribonucleic acid) and phage, DNA is the genetic material of all living organisms basis. The similarity between organisms paternity and inheritance of the so-called genetic information, stored in the DNA molecule.

1953, Danmushiwosen and Francis Crick describe the structure of DNA: the one-to-many mutual coiled chain nucleotide composition of the double helix. Thus, they are with the London Institute of Technology physicist Frederick countries Keweierjinshi shared the 1962 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.